Acid-Base Titration Curves

Calculate the pH at the following points during the titration of 50.0 mL of 0.100 M acetic acid (CH3COOH, Ka = 1.8 × 10⁻⁵) with 0.100 M NaOH: (a) Before any NaOH is added. (b) After 25.0 mL of NaOH (half-equivalence point). (c) At the equivalence point (50.0 mL NaOH). (d) After 60.0 mL of NaOH (past equivalence point). (e) Sketch the titration curve and identify the buffer region.